Women who had children but did not breast-feed had about 1.5 times the risk for ER/PR-negative breast cancer when compared with a control population.
Women who had children but did not breast-feed had about 1.5 times the risk for ER/PR-negative breast cancer when compared with a control population.
Non-Hispanic black women diagnosed with breast cancer, specifically those with estrogen receptor-positive tumors, are at a significantly increased risk for breast cancer death compared with non-Hispanic white women.
African-American women are at higher risk for hormone receptor-negative breast cancer, one of the most difficult subtypes to treat, but this risk could be ameliorated somewhat by breast-feeding their children.
Although soy-based foods appear to have a protective effect, we are not seeing the same effect with supplementation using isolated components of soy.
Certain cancer signaling pathways that are activated in aggressive cancer can be detected very early, even in precancerous cells, among young African-American women at high risk for breast cancer. This may allow for earlier detection and prevention of cancer.
Using breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screenings among targeted, high-risk, underserved women significantly decreased diagnostic cost and increased patient compliance rates with follow-up compared to using general risk mammography screenings.
Mammography rates among immigrant women in the U.S. increased from 60.2 percent in 2000 to 65.5 percent in 2008. Immigrant women remain less likely than native-born U.S. women to be screened. Increasing immigrant women’s access to insurance coverage may diminish disparity. While mammography rates have improved among foreign-born women residing in the United States, these [...]